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Killeshandra
Killeshandra or Killashandra - Irish place name ''Cill na Seanrátha'' meaning Church of the Old Rath (ringforts) population 1,143, is a small town in County Cavan, Ireland, located 20 km (12 mi) northwest of Cavan town and is central to County Cavan's lakeland and geopark region, set in the unique Erne catchment environment of rivers, lakes, wetlands and woodland. Together with the Lough Oughter Special Protected Area (SPA), has since 2010 become recognised under the EU programme for wildlife Natura 2000. Killeshandra is specially noted by Failte Ireland as an ''Angling Centre of Excellence'', as well as having become in recent years a hub for the Cavan Walking Festival which takes place during May each year. In the vicinity there are several looped walking and cycling trails linking the popular Killykeen forest park.
==History==
Killeshandra owes its origins to the Ulster Plantation, when Sir Alexander Hamilton of Innerwick, Scotland was granted lands by the crown in July 1610 to build a castle and create a Protestant community around the barony of Tullyhunco. The 1641 rising and civil war was a particularly difficult period in Killeshandra's history, as the Hamiltons with their neighbours the Craig's were forced out of their settled lands by the O'Reilly's. It was not until after the war and during the Restoration (1660) period that Sir Francis Hamilton regained control of the area and set about building a market town with Scottish planters and migrant Huguenot settlers who were especially noted for their industry and thrift. The new settlers and their families quickly adapted to the local conditions, which included the beginnings of flax growing and linen processing in the Cavan region. The earliest papal records of a church building in the area date from the fourteenth century on the site of a former rath (''fort''), then a dependency of Drumlane priory referred to then as the Church of the Rath. From the early 17th century the church was reformed for Protestant use and included the glebe lands allocated by the Hamiltons to the Anglican Kilmore diocese, for Scottish Episcopalian worship. Later in the century when peace was restored, the church was remodelled in 1688 (''Jacobean Church'') as a lasting memorial to departed members of the original Hamilton's (''barons of Castle Hamilton'') family. The remains of this church form part of a protected National Monument and can still be seen at the lower end of the town (opposite Lakeland Dairies), display some unusual architectural characteristics, 'T' shaped, with a south facing transept in the Renaissance neo-classical style that is described in the ''Pevsner'' guide to South Ulster as: arguably the finest Restoration building in Ulster, a handsome evocation of the improving architectural eloquence of the age. The east facing window is in the more traditional Gothic style. Hamilton heraldic embellishment is visible on the south gable wall and gate pillars. When a new Anglican church was built (circa 1842) further up the Main street, some of the earlier (''Hamilton'') family memorials attributed to well known Irish sculptor William Kidwell were brought from the old church and placed inside of the new building and can still be seen there. The Graveyard meanwhile continued in 'mixed' community use for well over a century after the church was closed and is now also protected as a National Monument. Includes some interesting 19th century mausoleums and heraldic memorials from families dating back to the early 18th century.
Linen production around Killeshandra grew considerably following an incentive in 1760 from the Linen Board, and was later quoted in ''Pigot's 1824 Directory'' as: The greatest linen market in the county, and the inhabitants of the town and neighbourhood are principally employed in its manufacture. However, failure to capitalise on industrial methods of linen production when market sales were approaching their peak meant that Killeshandra would inevitably lose out in the race to compete with the bigger linen export producing towns further north, eventually leading to hardship and destitution for many local flax growing linen producers.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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